Which of the following is a required component for SNMP?

For Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to function effectively, a Network Management System (NMS) is essential. The NMS serves as the central component that communicates with network devices and manages them by collecting, monitoring, and analyzing their performance data. It acts as the interface for network administrators to receive notifications about system status, faults, and performance metrics.

In the context of SNMP, the NMS is responsible for sending requests to SNMP-enabled devices (agents) to gather their statistical data and statuses, as well as receiving alerts (traps) when specific conditions are met. This two-way communication is fundamental to the functionality of SNMP, making the NMS a required component.

In contrast, while end-user devices, Configuration Management Databases (CMDB), and data analysis tools can complement network management efforts, they are not strictly required for SNMP to operate. End-user devices are not necessarily involved in SNMP communications, CMDB focuses on managing configuration data rather than direct network management, and data analysis tools extend the capabilities of monitoring rather than being integral to the SNMP framework itself.